The Galatian Shield without (symbol) Bronzes
Selected Images of Coins from the Die Study

All photographs and descriptions are (C) by their respective owners.
All rights reserved worldwide. No copying, use, or distribution without written permission.
All photos used by permission. Coins for which photo publication permission was not available are not shown.
Page layout, design, and related web content (C) 2011-26 by Daniel Wolf.
Click on photo thumbnails for enlarged views.

NOTE ADDED FROM AUTHOR (DW) FEB 18 2014
Die #A33 (coin H55) may very well be a match to Die #A35 (coin H57).

Offprint of the Numismatic Chronicle Paper (online PDF)
All Web Supplemental Material For This Paper
Table 4 - Die Axis Distributions
Table 5 - Die Study Statistics
Table A2-1 - Die Axis Distribution Totals
Table A2-2 - Weight Distribution Statistics
Table A2-3 - Die Axis Statistics
Weight Histograms
Die Study with Images Supplement Page
Die Production Estimates Supplement Page
Die Axis Distributions Supplement Page
Weight Comparison of Sv610 Border Types Supplement Page
Online Calculators for Die Estimates and Die Axis Vector Summation

Group I - Issues of a Ptolemaic Mint on Sicily ca. 266-264 BC

Types with only a single Galatian Shield on the reverse in the field to the left of the open-wing eagle.
These have no other controls or secondary symbols, just the shield. There are two subgroups
with either a dotted reverse border (Subgroup 1), or solid circle reverse border (Subgroup 2, below).
Group I coins also have the so-called 'Alexandrian' portrait style and 12h
die axes like coins made at Alexandria and other Ptolemaic mints after about 266 BC.

NOTE I: Wolfram Weiser (1995) noticed that the 'Galatian Shield' bronzes are easily grouped into
two rather different portrait style groups. One of the portrait styles is unremarkably similar to
many Ptolemaic bronze coins produced at Alexandria in the later part of the 3rd C. BC. Weiser
sensibly called them 'Alexandrinische', i.e. 'Alexandrian Style'.
These belong to Group I and they also lack any additional controls or secondary symbols.

Weiser called the other styles 'West Griechisch' (West Greek, i.e. Italian/Sicilian or Magna
Graecia styles) because they are obviously stylistically different and look more Italian or Sicilian.
Weiser also noticed some coins of this second group have control letters that might link them to some bronze
coins made by Hieron II of Syracuse.
These coins belong to Group II (see below).

When Catharine Lorber and I first studied these coins (2009-1010) we sensibly adopted Weiser's nomenclature for
the two groups. With ten years further study, however, we can confidently say much more about the 'Shield'
bronzes than we or Wolfram Weiser could have known at the time:

This first group comprises almost all the 'Shield' bronzes that have no control symbols.
They also have 12h die axes most have dotted borders on the reverse, two other typical features of other Ptolemaic bronzes.
They were made by an actual Ptolemaic mint on Sicily, which explains why they have 'Alexandrian' style, fabric, and
their mean weight is a simple fraction of the Ptolemaic bronze drachm weight (at Alexandria and other mints) at the time they were made.
These are all specimens of Svoronos 610 (Lorber B288 and 289), which are about half of all the 'shield' bronzes.
There are many dies which differ only slightly in small details of the portrait renderings and reverse inscription placements.
The die study here was published in 2011 based on about 200 coins; over 400 are now recorded.

The latest paper (2022) on the 'Siclian Ptolemaic Bronzes...' tells how all the pieces of information about these coins fell into place
and is available for free download from this site's home page.

See NOTE II, below, for related comments about all the other catalog types, which comprise Weiser's 'West Greek' style group,
and which we now know are imitations of the Ptolemaic mint issues, but were minted by Hieron II of Syracuse.
All of the 'shield' bronze (both groups) have the same mean weight as Hieron II's 'portrait/horseman' bronzes and
the Ptolemaic mint 'shield' bronzes, the Hieron II imitations of them, and Hieron's own bronzes have the same
mean weights and are the same denomination.

Click on photo thumbnails for enlarged views.

Group I - Subgroup 1 - Svoronos 610 with Dotted Circle Reverse Border (Lorber B288)
Denomination is 1/4 Drachm - Equal to One Sicilian Bronze Litra

So-called 'Alexandrian' portrait style (see Note I, above), 12h die axes, no control letters, monograms, or secondary symbols.

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
P01 - mm 16.518 gm 12 h a1 p1 Manganaro 59. Paolo Orsi Museum Syracuse #5823
P02 26 mm 17.37 gm 12 h a1 p2 P. Pavlou 13
P03 26 mm 17.08 gm 12 h a2 p2 Berk 161, 2008, lot 477.
P04 25 mm - gm - h a3 p3 eger45 Ebay 350334759787
P05 28 mm - gm - h a4 p3 log2123 Ebay 120570779685
P06 - mm - gm - h a5 p4 British Museum duplicate 1912
P07 - mm 17.34 gm 12 h a6 p5 SNG Copenhagen 114. Svoronos 610alpha
P08 27 mm 16.80 gm - h a7 p6 Aitna
P09 27 mm 17.50 gm - h a8 p7 Apollo Numismatics
P10 27 mm 17.38 gm - h a9 p8 Lanz. Pax Romana
P11 - mm - gm - h a10 p9 Manganaro 38
P12 27 mm 17.55 gm 12 h a11 p10 Noeske 2000, no. 55
P13 26 mm 16.28 gm 12 h a12 p11 Noeske 2000, no. 57
P14 28 mm - gm 12 h a13 p12 BMC 20
P15 - mm 18.09 gm 12 h a14 p13 Dix Noonan Webb, 10 May 2009, lot 5670
P16 27 mm 17.43 gm 12 h a15 p14 P. Pavlou 5
P17 25 mm 19.15 gm - h a16 p15 Den of Antiquity Cupped reverse (Pavlou 18)
P18 - mm 17.63 gm - h a17 p16 New York Sale XX, 7 Jan. 2009
P19 25 mm 19.14 gm 11 h a18 p17 P. Pavlou 14
P20 - mm - gm - h a19 p18 S. Huston 2115
P21 - mm - gm - h a20 p19 Manganaro 40
P22 - mm 16.654 gm 12 h a21 p20 Manganaro 56. Paolo Orsi Museum Syracue #25422
P23 - mm 17.04 gm - h a22 p21 Forrer 1929 (Weber Collection 8255)
P24 26 mm 16.84 gm 11 h a23 p22 ANS 1944.100.76056. E.T. Newell Collection
P25 - mm - gm - h a24 p23 Manganaro 43
P26 26 mm 17.4 gm 12 h a25 p24 J. and E. Krengel
P27 27.2 mm 16.698 gm 11 h a26 p25 GAE 301
P28 27.5 mm 17.638 gm 12 h a27 p26 GAE 775
P29 27 mm 17.41 gm 11 h a28 p27 Arminius
P30 26.6 mm 17.462 gm 12 h a28 p28 GAE 233
P31 - mm 17.42 gm - h a28 p-- Manganaro 81 - Image quality precludes reverse die identification. Photo courtesy Univ. of Messina, Messina Museum #1406.
P32 - mm - gm - h a29 p29 ANS 1944.100.76064. E.T. Newell Collection Described on the ANS website as having DELTA between the eagle s legs.
P33 26 mm 17.64 gm 12 h a30 p30 P. Pavlou 7
P34 27 mm 17.26 gm 12 h a31 p31 CNG TritonXIII 05JAN2010 Lot 1352, CNG E552 #138 13DEC2023
P35 26 mm 16.89 gm 12 h a32 p32 Klassische Muenzen
P36 - mm 17.36 gm - h a33 p33 Elsen 67, 15 Sept. 2001, lot 289
P37 25 mm 19.12 gm 12 h a34 p34 ANS 1944.100.76057. E.T. Newell Collection
P38 28 mm 17.61 gm 12 h a35 p35 ANS 1944.100.76060. E.T. Newell Collection
P39 - mm - gm - h a36 p-- Manganaro 62. Image quality precludes reverse die identification.
P40 26 mm 17.51 gm 12 h a37 p36 CNG
P41 28 mm 17.31 gm 12 h a37 p37 P. Pavlou 6
P42 26 mm 16.71 gm - h a37 p38 Muenzen und Medaillen Deutschland 32, 26 May 2010, lot 215.
P43 - mm - gm 12 h a38 p39 BMC 22
P44 26 mm 16.76 gm - h a38 p40 CNG E-Auction 106, 19 Jan. 2005, lot 83
P45 26 mm 16.55 gm 12 h a39 p41 Berk 164, 20 May 2009, lot 489
P46 26 mm 17.43 gm - h a40 p42 CNG
P47 25 mm 17.62 gm - h a41 p43 Artemide
P48 26 mm 15.98 gm 12 h a42 p44 Noeske 2000, no. 58
P49 27 mm 17.13 gm 1 h a43 p45 ANS 1944.100.76059. E.T. Newell Collection
P50 27 mm - gm - h a44 p46 Hirsch 264, 25 Nov. 2009, lot 380
P51 27 mm 17.57 gm 12 h a45 p47 Freeman & Sear MBS 16, 5 June 2009, lot 243
P52 - mm - gm - h a46 p48 S. Huston 2112. Cupped reverse fabric.
P53 25 mm 17.58 gm - h a47 p49 Lanz
P54 27.1 mm 16.304 gm 12 h a48 p50 GAE 273
P55 - mm 17.74 gm 12 h a49 p51 Nomos FPL Winter/Spring 2009, lot 88. Hess-Divo 310, 22 Oct. 2008, lot 205.
P56 - mm 17.40 gm - h a50 p52 Varesi 53a, lot 83

Group I - Subgroup 2 - Svoronos 610 with Continuous Solid Circle Reverse Border (Lorber B289)
Distinguished from Subgroup 1 (above) by a solid circle reverse border instead of dotted circle reverse border.
Denomination is also 1/4 Drachm - Equal to One Sicilian Bronze Litra

So-called 'Alexandrian' portrait style (see Note I, above), 12h die axes, and no controls, monograms, or secondary symbols.

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
P57 27 mm 17.37 gm 12 h a51 p53 CNG E-Auction 178, 12 Dec. 2007, lot 47.
P58 27 mm 16.772 gm 12 h a51 p54 Forum Ancient Coins 82543
P59 27 mm 16.68 gm - h a52 p55 CNG E-Auction 149, 4 Oct. 2006, lot 121
P60 - mm 17.58 gm - h a53 p56 Triton III, 30 Nov. 1999, lot 659
P61 27 mm 17.0 gm - h a54 p57 Lanz
P62 26 mm 19.60 gm 12 h a55 p58 P. Pavlou 4
P63 27 mm 17.20 gm 12 h a56 p59 Rusty Romans
P64 - mm - gm - h a57 p60 Tkalec, 19 Feb. 2001, lot 173
P65 - mm 17.0 gm - h a58 p61 Manganaro 45
P66 - mm 16.45 gm - h a59 p62 Forrer 1929 (Weber Collection 8251)
P67 - mm 17.82 gm - h a60 p63 Forrer 1929 (Weber Collection 8254)
P68 - mm - gm 12 h a61 p64 BMC 21
P69 25 mm 17.64 gm 12 h a62 p65 CNG E-Auction 185, 2 Apr. 2008, lot 113
P70 26.6 mm 17.046 gm 12 h a63 p66 GAE 279
P71 26.9 mm 17.402 gm 12 h a64 p67 GAE 426

Group I - Subgroup 1 or 2 - Svoronos 610 with Uncertain Reverse Border Type (dotted or circle, Lorber B288 or B289)
Denomination is also 1/4 Drachm - Equal to One Sicilian Bronze Litra

So-called 'Alexandrian' portrait style (see Note I, above), 12h die axes, no control letters, monograms, or secondary symbols.

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
P72 27 mm 17.08 gm 12 h a65 p68 Fitzwilliam 113881
P73 25.7 mm 13.914 gm 12 h a66 p69 GAE 419
P74 - mm - gm - h a67 p70 Manganaro 22
P75 26 mm 16.83 gm - h a68 p71 Asta
P76 - mm - gm - h a69 p72 Manganaro 37
P77 25.9 mm 16.624 gm 12 h a70 p73 GAE 506. Cupped reverse.
P78 26.7 mm 18.036 gm 12 h a71 p74 GAE 435
P79 - mm - gm - h a72 p75 Manganaro 39
P80 26 mm 16.90 gm - h a73 p76 Aitna
P81 26 mm 16.51 gm - h a74 p77 Aste
P82 27 mm 18.032 gm 12 h a75 p78 Forum Ancient Coins GB37441
P83 25.0 mm 18.206 gm 12 h a76 p79 GAE 333
P84 - mm 18.00 gm - h a77 p80 Manganaro 80 Photo courtesy Univ. of Messina, Messina Museum #1407.
P85 25 mm 17.66 gm - h a78 p81 Malter II, 23-24 Feb. 1978, lot 91
P86 28 mm 18.62 gm 11 h a79 p82 ANS 76058

Group 2 - Issues of Hieron II of Syracuse Imitating Ptolemaic Mint Issues (Group 1 above)

Group 2 - Unique Hieron II imitative type with no controls - Lorber B290
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Though it uniquely lacks controls, this type is clearly in the family of Hieron-imitation shield bronzes
as evidenced by the unique portrait style, variable die axes, and solid circle reverse border. There are few known specimens
of this type, perhaps has few as 12, all from a single obverse die. Because they lack controls they have been cataloged
with Svoronos 610, but it is obvious they are best considered separately as a single unique type, Lorber B290. Proper cataloging of this type
is prone to error because of its similarity to Svoronos 610 (B288, B289). In the 2011 NC paper it was called '610A' but including it with
Svoronos 610 at all confuses the issue. It is a unique imitative type with no controls.

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H01 26 mm 17.73 gm 3 h A1 P1 P. Pavlou 8
H02 27.5 mm 18.232 gm 3 h A1 P1 GAE 371
H03 28 mm 16.94 gm 10 h A1 P1 ANS 1974.26.5492
H04 27 mm 16.924 gm 5 h A1 P1 GAE 788 ex Lanz Ebay 370466959880, 25 Dec. 2010
H05 29 mm 16.83 gm - h A1 P2 M nzen und Medaillen Deutschland. Tooled
H06 26 mm 17.75 gm 4 h A1 P3 SNG Milano 43. Svoronos 610 delta
H07 - mm 18.429 gm 6h h A1 P4 Manganaro 60. Paolo Orsi Museum Syracuse #5355
H08 27.3 mm 17.206 gm 1 h A1 P- GAE 568. reverse not suitable for matching

Group 2 - Subgroup 1 - Hieron II imitative types with controls near shield
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 612 variant - Lorber B291 - NK monogram above shield

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H09 26 mm 18.4 gm 10 h A2 P5 A.D. Philippidis

Group 2 - Subgroup 1 - Hieron II imitative types with controls near shield
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 612 - Lorber B292 - NK monogram below shield

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H10 26 mm 17.27 gm 3 h A3 P6 P. Pavlou 9
H11 27 mm 15.16 gm - h A3 P7 CNG 57, 4 Apr. 2001, lot 613
H12 25 mm 17.05 gm 10 h A4 P8 Weiser 1995, pp. 029 30, D
H13 28 mm 18.29 gm 7 h A4 P9 ANS 1944.100.76061. E.T. Newell Collection
H14 26 mm 18.31 gm 6 h A4 P- P. Pavlou 9
H15 - mm - gm 1 h A5 P10 BMC 24
H16 - mm - gm 2 h A6 P11 BMC 25
H17 - mm - gm - h A7 P12 Manganaro 27

Group 2 - Subgroup 1 - Hieron II imitative types with controls near shield
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 624 - Lorber B293 - PHI below shield

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H18 26 mm 16.55 gm 1 h A8 P13 SNG Milano 47. Svoronos 610 epsilon
H19 - mm 20.685 gm 5:30h A9 P13 Manganaro 67. Paolo Orsi Museum Syracuse #5354
H20 26 mm 18.4 gm 1 h A10 P14 BMC 26
H21 27 mm 19.85 gm - h A11 P15 Boston 2270

Group 2 - Subgroup 1 - Hieron II imitative types with controls near shield
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 620 - Lorber B294 - N below shield

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H22 - mm 16.04 gm 7:30 h A11 P16 SNG Copenhagen 117. Svoronos 620 beta
H23 27 mm 17.38 gm 1 h A12 P17 Yale University, Accession Number 2004.6.4054, ex Peter R. Franke Collection
H24 - mm 17.905gm 11.5h A12 P17 Manganaro 65 - Paolo Orsi Museum Syracuse #5821
H25 - mm 18.998 gm 9 h A12 P18 Manganaro 66. Paolo Orsi Museum Syracuse #25421
H26 - mm - gm 4 h A13 P19 BMC 23
H27 27 mm 19.17 gm 7 h A14 P20 P. Pavlou 15
H28 26.7 mm 16.946 gm 8 h A14 P21 GAE 563

Group 2 - Subgroup 2 - Hieron II imitative types with controls behind eagle's tail
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 619 - Lorber B296 - N behind Eagle's tail Portrait style of Subgroup 1

Note that these two specimens have the N control behind the eagle's tail but their obverse die
links them to specimens of Svoronso 620 (Lorber 294) with the N below the shield.

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H29 - mm 17.13 gm 12 h A14 P22 SNG Copenhagen 116
H30 27.4 mm 18.65 gm 3 h A14 P22 GAE 616, ex M nzen und Medaillen Deutschland 30, May 2009, lot 736

Group 2 - Subgroup 2 - Hieron II imitative types with controls behind eagle's tail
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 619 - Lorber B296 - N behind Eagle's tail - Portrait Style 'Sleepy' head

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ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H31 - mm - gm 7 h A15 P23 BMC 30
H32 27.1 mm 17.002 gm 5 h A15 P24 GAE 646
H33 27 mm 16.640 gm 9 h A15 P25 P. Pavlou 16 (overstruck)
H34 28.1 mm 15.85 gm 1 h A16 P26 GAE 610, ex Berk 164, 20 May 2009, lot 490
H35 27 mm 17.10 gm - h A17 P27 Lanz
H36 27 mm 17.10 gm - h A18 P28 ANS 1944.100.76065. E.T. Newell Collection

Group 2 - Subgroup 2 - Hieron II imitative types with controls behind eagle's tail
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 615 - Lorber B297 - A behind Eagle's tail - Portrait Style 'Sleepy' head

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H37 28.3 mm 15.810 gm 10 h A19 P29 GAE 361
H38 27.6 mm 15.300 gm 6 h A19 P30 GAE 347. Ex Pavlou. Ex R.C. Lockett Collection
H39 28.1 mm 17.564 gm 4 h A20 P30 GAE 228
H40 27 mm 17.42 gm 10 h A21 P31 SNG Milano 44. Svoronos 615 delta
H41 28 mm 18.00 gm 9 h A22 P32 Manganaro 64

Group 2 - Subgroup 2 - Hieron II imitative types with controls behind eagle's tail
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 623 - Lorber B298 - PHI behind Eagle's tail - Portrait Style 'Sleepy' head

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H42 26.0 mm 17.650 gm 7 h A23 P33 GAE 789

Group 2 - Subgroup 3 - Hieron II imitative types with controls behind eagle's tail
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 619 - Lorber B296 - N behind Eagle's tail - Portrait Style 'Curly' head

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H47 26 mm 16.40 gm 8 h A27 P37 Berk 164, 20 May 2009, lot 491
H48 27 mm 18.04 gm - h A27 P38 CNG
H49 27 mm 17.91 gm 3 h A28 P39 Private Collection 1
H50 27 mm 17.46 gm - h A29 P40 Malter II, 23-24 Feb. 1978, lot 93
H51 27.9 mm 15.710 gm 11 h A30 P41 GAE 368 Dotted reverse border
H52 28.4 mm 14.736 gm 2 h A30 P41 GAE 404 Dotted reverse border
H53 27.7 mm 14.500 gm 2 h A31 P41 GAE 747 Dotted reverse border
H54 - mm - gm 0 h A32 P41 Galeria Antica Dotted reverse border
H55 26.9 mm 17.300 gm 8 h A33 P42 GAE 348
H56 26.5 mm 16.994 gm 7 h A34 P43 GAE 521
H57 27 mm 17.83 gm - h A35 P44 CNG
H58 - mm - gm 10 h A36 P45 BMC 28
H59 27.5 mm 16.99 gm - h A37 P46 SNG Milano 45. Svoronos 619alpha
H60 26 mm 17.69 gm - h A38 P47 CNG 52, 6 Nov. 2002, lot 71
H61 26.8 mm 15.994 gm 5 h A38 P48 GAE 474
H62 - mm - gm - h A38 P49 SKA Zurich 7, Apr. 1987, lot 642
H63 - mm 15.60 gm - h A38 P50 Tradart 12, 12 Dec. 1991, lot 213. Sternberg XVII, 9 10 May 1986, lot 237
H64 - mm - gm 2 h A39 P51 BMC 29
H65 27 mm 20.64 gm 1 h A39 P52 CNG. Spink 4018, 6 Oct. 2004, lot 63
H66 27 mm 17.80 gm - h A39 P53 Lanz
H67 26 mm 19.05 gm - h A40 P54 Malter II, 23-24 Feb. 1978, lot 94
H68 - mm 16.222 gm 1:30 h A41 P55 Manganaro 63. Paolo Orsi Museum Syracuse #5822

Group 2 - Subgroup 3 - Hieron II imitative types with controls behind eagle's tail
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 615 - Lorber B297 - A behind Eagle's tail - Portrait Style 'Curly' head

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H69 27 mm 18.88 gm - h A42 P56 Triton V, 15 16 Jan. 2002, lot 566
H70 25 mm 16.40 gm 9 h A42 P57 CNG E-Auction 185, 2 Apr. 2008, lot 103
H71 26.7 mm 16.698 gm 7 h A42 P58 GAE 570
H72 27 mm 18.33 gm - h A42 P59 Malter II, 23-24 Feb. 1978, lot 92
H73 - mm 15.35 gm 12 h A43 P60 Aretusa 2 13, 14 May 1994, lot 191
H74 27 mm 17.83 gm - h A43 P61 CNG 60, 22 May 2002, lot 998
H75 27.5 mm 17.602 gm 11 h A43 P62 GAE 390
H76 26 mm 17.54 gm 6 h A43 P63 P. Pavlou 3
H77 - mm 17.35 gm 12 h A43 P64 Leu
H78 28 mm 17.43 gm 5 h A43 P65 Lanz 132, 27 Nov 2006, lot 263
H79 - mm - gm - h A44 P66 Manganaro 42

Group 2 - Subgroup 3 - Hieron II imitative types with controls behind eagle's tail
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 623 - Lorber B298 - PHI behind Eagle's tail - Portrait Style 'Curly' head

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H80 25 mm 17.59 gm 9 h A45 P67 P. Pavlou 11
H81 26.6 mm 16.19 gm 7 h A45 P68 GAE 420
H82 - mm 17.22 gm 12 h A45 P69 SNG Copenhagen 118
H83 26 mm 17.05 gm - h A45 P70 CNG 139, 10 May 2006, lot 143
H84 27 mm 16.59 gm 12 h A45 P71 ANS 1944.100.76066. E.T. Newell Collection
H85 - mm 17.96 gm - h A46 P72 British Museum 1987 6-49-525. R.B. Lewis Collection
H86 - mm 18.51 gm 9 h A46 P73 de Callata and van Heesch 1999, no. 291
H87 - mm 17.663 gm 1h A46 P74 Manganaro 58. Paolo Orsi Museum Syracuse #7231
H88 26.4 mm 15.894 gm 8 h A47 P75 GAE 325
H89 27.0 mm 19.24 gm 3 h A47 P76 GAE 362. Obverse die identity is probable, but not certain.
H90 - mm 16.41 gm - h A47 P77 New York Sale XX, 7 Jan. 2009, lot 346
H91 27 mm 19.05 gm 9 h A47 P78 P. Pavlou 12
H92 - mm 18.67 gm - h A48 P79 K nker. NAC A, 26 27 Feb. 1991, lot 1574 (weight 19.71g, before cleaning).
H93 25 mm 15.04 gm 4 h A48 P80 P. Pavlou 10
H94 - mm 16.791 gm 1h A48 P81 Manganaro 57. Paolo Orsi Museum Syracuse #5820
H95 26 mm 17.99 gm 3 h A49 P82 SNG Milano 42. Svoronos 610PSI
H96 26.5 mm 17.44 gm 6 h A50 P83 Noeske 2000, no. 56
H97 - mm - gm 8 h A51 P84 BMC 31

Group 2 - Subgroup 3 - Hieron II imitative types with controls behind eagle's tail
One Sicilian Bronze Litra - Equivalent to Ptolemaic 1/4 Bronze Drachm - ca 266-240 BC

So-called 'West Greek' style, variable die axes, solid circle reverse border, most with controls.

Svoronos 6xx (Sv615, 619, or 623 - Lorber B297, 296, or 298 - A, N or PHI behind Eagle's tail
Control not clear, illegible, or off flan. Reverses do not match other specimens.
Portrait Style 'Curly' head

ID OBVERSE REVERSE DIAM. WEIGHT AXIS O# R# DESCRIPTION
H98 - mm 18.79 gm - h A27 P85 M nzen und Medaillen Deutschland 29, 31 Oct. 2008, lot 2645. The control is probably N.
H99 27 mm 18.67 gm - h A42 P86 Lanz. The control is either A or N, probably N.
H100 - mm 16.41 gm 10:30 h A43 P87 SNG Copenhagen 115. Described as having GAMMA between the eagle s legs, but almost certainly there is a letter (possibly N) behind the tail. The apparent control between the legs is probably just surface roughness.
H101 28 mm - gm - h A43 P88 E.L. Owen
H102 27 mm 19.81 gm 1 h A43 P89 P. Pavlou 2
H103 27.2 mm 17.812 gm 11 h A46 P90 GAE 421. The control is probably PHI.
H104 27 mm 18.24 gm 1 h A52 P91 P. Pavlou 1
H105 29 mm 16.93 gm - h A53 P92 Luchelli and di Stefano 2004, pl. 9, no. 103
H106 29.5 mm 18.39 gm 12 h A54 P93 iNumis
H107 - mm - gm - h A55 P94 Manganaro 23